Extracting Models from Source Code in Software Modernization

International audienceModel-driven software modernization is a discipline in which model-driven development (MDD) techniques are used in the modernization of legacy systems. When existing software artifacts are evolved, they must be transformed into models to apply MDD techniques such as model transformations. Since most modernization scenarios (e.g., application migration) involve dealing with code in general-purpose programming languages (GPL), the extraction of models from GPL code is an essential task in a model-based modernization process. This activity could be performed by tools to bridge grammarware and MDD technical spaces, which is normally carried out by dedicated parsers. Grammar-to-Model Transformation Language (Gra2MoL) is a domain-specific language (DSL) tailored to the extraction of models from GPL code. This DSL is actually a text-to-model transformation language which can be applied to any code conforming to a grammar. Gra2MoL aims to reduce the effort needed to implement grammarware-MDD bridges, since building dedicated parsers is a complex and time-consuming task. Like ATL and RubyTL languages, Gra2MoL incorporates the binding concept needed to write mappings between grammar elements and metamodel elements in a simple declarative style. The language also provides a powerful query language which eases the retrieval of scattered information in syntax trees. Moreover, it incorporates extensibility and grammar reuse mechanisms. This paper describes Gra2MoL in detail and includes a case study based on the application of the language in the extraction of models from Delphi code

Las Nuevas Tecnologías y las Ciencias Humanas: El Caso de Internet y la Historia Actual

En esta comunicación se analizarán los puntos de convergencia y divergencia de la práctica de la Historia Actual con los nuevos paradigmas intelectuales de la "tercera cultura ", y la posibilidad de que desde la filosofía y organización de Internet se imponga un nuevo modelo de realización de los estudios humanísticos. Los rasgos principales de la sociedad informacional serán puestos en común con las nuevas fUentes, métodos y teorias de la Historia Actual. De esta forma, a partir del estudio de la cibersociedad y en general de la Revolución Científica-Tecnológica, se presentará el proceso de consilience (según la expresión de E. o. Wilson) y cuanto de éxito y de fracaso éste ha tenido a la hora de buscar una unidad del conocimiento, un acercamiento entre las ciencias naturales y las ciencias humanas. Los puntos a tratar en la comunicación por tanto, seran: sociedad informacional y cibersociedad; "la tercera cultura" y la consilience; origen, teoría y práctica de la Historia Actual y finalmente, síntesis de la posible simbiosis entre las nuevas tecnologías y la Historia Actual

Cibersociedad y ciencias humanas: el caso de la Historia Actual

La intención del presente artículo es presentar cómo los avances en el nuevo patrón de producción y difusión de conocimientos de la sociedad presente, ejemplificado en Internet, pueden influir en la reconceptualización de las ciencias humanas y en especial de la Historia Actual. Se analizarán los puntos de convergencia y divergencia de la práctica de la Historia Actual con los nuevos paradigmas intelectuales de la “tercera cultura”, y la posibilidad de que desde la filosofía y organización de Internet se imponga un nuevo modelo de realización de los estudios humanísticos. Los rasgos principales de la sociedad informacional serán puestos en común con las nuevas fuentes, métodos y teorías de la Historia Actual

API2MoL: Automating the building of bridges between APIs and Model-Driven Engineering

International audienceContext: A software artefact typically makes its functionality available through a specialized Application Programming Interface (API) describing the set of services offered to client applications. In fact, building any software system usually involves managing a plethora of APIs, which complicates the development process. In Model-Driven Engineering (MDE), where models are the key elements of any software engineering activity, this API management should take place at the model level. Therefore, tools that facilitate the integration of APIs and MDE are clearly needed. Objective: Our goal is to automate the implementation of API-MDE bridges for supporting both the creation of models from API objects and the generation of such API objects from models. In this sense, this paper presents the API2MoL approach, which provides a declarative rule-based language to easily write mapping definitions to link API specifications and the metamodel that represents them. These definitions are then executed to convert API objects into model elements or vice versa. The approach also allows both the metamodel and the mapping to be automatically obtained from the API specification (bootstrap process). Method: After implementing the API2MoL engine, its correctness was validated using several APIs. Since APIs are normally large, we then developed a tool to implement the bootstrap process, which was also validated. Results: We provide a toolkit (language and bootstrap tool) for the creation of bridges between APIs and MDE. The current implementation focuses on Java APIs, although its adaptation to other statically typed object-oriented languages is straightforward. The correctness, expressiveness and completeness of the approach have been validated with the Swing, SWT and JTwitter APIs. Conclusion: API2MoL frees developers from having to manually implement the tasks of obtaining models from API objects and generating such objects from models. This helps to manage API models in MDE-based solutions

Harvesting models from web 2.0 databases

International audienceData rather than functionality are the sources of competitive advantage for Web2.0 applications such as wikis, blogs and social networking websites. This valuable information might need to be capitalized by third-party applications or be subject to migration or data analysis. Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) can be used for these purposes. However, MDE first requires obtaining models from the wiki/blog/website database (a.k.a. model harvesting). This can be achieved through SQL scripts embedded in a program. However, this approach leads to laborious code that exposes the iterations and table joins that serve to build the model. By contrast, a Domain-Specific Language (DSL) can hide these "how" concerns, leaving the designer to focus on the "what", i.e. the mapping of database schemas to model classes. This paper introduces Schemol, a DSL tailored for extracting models out of databases which considers Web2.0 specifics. Web2.0 applications are often built on top of general frameworks (a.k.a. engines) that set the database schema (e.g.,MediaWiki, Blojsom). Hence, table names offer little help in automating the extraction process. In addition, Web2.0 data tend to be annotated. User-provided data (e.g., wiki articles, blog entries) might contain semantic markups which provide helpful hints for model extraction. Unfortunately, these data end up being stored as opaque strings. Therefore, there exists a considerable conceptual gap between the source database and the target metamodel. Schemol offers extractive functions and view-like mechanisms to confront these issues. Examples using Blojsom as the blog engine are available for download

A low-complexity current-mode WTA circuit based on CMOS Quasi-FG inverters

In this paper, a low-complexity current-mode Winner-Take-All circuit (WTA) of O (n) complexity with logical outputs is presented. The proposed approach employs a Quasi-FG Inverter as the key element for current integration and the computing of the winning cell. The design was implemented in a double-poly, three metal layers, 0.5µm CMOS technology. The circuit exhibits a good accuracy-speed tradeoff when compared to other reported WTA architectures

Logistic management in smes of the load operator sector of the Atlántico department

El objetivo del artículo es analizar la gestión logística en las PYME del sector de operadores de carga del departamento del Atlántico. Para cumplir con ello, se realizó una investigación cuantitativa de enfoque epistémico positivista, descriptiva y diseño no experimental transeccional; en la que la recolección de información primaria se llevó a cabo a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario simple con escala ordinal tipo Likert. La población estuvo constituida por 25 directivos y 25 coordinadores operativos del sector empresarial de las PYMES, para un total de 50 sujetos. Como resultado, se destaca la certificación a los proveedores, la existencia de fichas de registro y la verificación de los requerimientos de la empresa. A partir de esto, se concluye que en este tipo de empresa existe un alto nivel de eficiencia en lo que respecta al desempeño logístico.The objective of the article is to analyze the logistics management in the SMEs of the sector of cargo operators of the Atlantic department. To accomplish this, a quantitative investigation of positivist, descriptive and non-experimental transectional epistemic approaches was carried out; in which the collection of primary information will be carried out through the application of a simple questionnaire with Likert-type ordinal scale. The population was constituted by 25 executives and 25 operative coordinators of the business sector of the SMEs for a total of 50 subjects. As a result, the certification to suppliers, the existence of registration forms and the verification of the requirements of the company stand out. From this, it is concluded that in this type of company there is a high level of efficiency in terms of logistics performance

Coordinación docente en enseñanzas adaptadas al EEES. Aplicación a un centro de Ingeniería

Para los nuevos grados en Ingeniería basados en el EEES se hace recomendable contar con un sistema que facilite la coordinación del conjunto de todas las actividades de enseñanza/aprendizaje. Para acometer estas tareas de forma eficiente se ha diseñado y desarrollado un modelo de coordinación con dos ejes en la Escuela Politécnica Superior de la Universidad de Málaga. El eje horizontal pretende coordinar, una vez se recopile toda la información necesaria, la carga de trabajo del estudiante de las asignaturas de cada semestre, mientras que el eje vertical intenta verificar la secuenciación adecuada de contenidos y el cumplimiento de las correspondientes competencias asignadas a las materias que conforman el plan de estudios. Además, el sistema implementado facilita la difusión de competencias, contenidos y sistemas de evaluación recogidos en la Memoria de Verificación del Título permitiendo detectar desviaciones y estableciendo las medidas correctoras adecuadas. Este procedimiento se apoya en una base de datos que recoge el plan de estudios y que permite generar formularios para recoger la información necesaria, permitiendo aligerar la carga de todo el proceso y facilitar la toma de decisiones a los participantes y órganos implicados